- El 78% de las pymes españolas ven comprometida su supervivencia por el absentismo.
- El absentismo laboral supone una pérdida económica de 37.000 millones de euros al año en España.
- El absentismo en pymes medianas (10-249 empleados) supera el 50%.
Faltas injustificadas, bajas prolongadas y rotación de personal… Para muchas pymes españolas, esta situación es una realidad que merma su productividad y competitividad pero, sobre todo, pone en riesgo su propia viabilidad.
El absentismo laboral no solo genera pérdidas económicas directas, sino que también dificulta la planificación, la coordinación de equipos y la consecución de objetivos.
De hecho, un reciente estudio de Foment, la patronal catalana, ha puesto de manifiesto que el 80% de las pymes españolas se enfrentan al absentismo. Y la causa principal resulta las bajas médicas.
Impacto del absentismo laboral para las PYMES españolas
De acuerdo con los datos suministrados por Foment, se revela que el absentismo laboral le cuesta a España cerca de 37.000 millones de euros anuales. Esto equivale al 3,1% de su PIB, lo que se traduce en un aumento de los costes laborales para las empresas.
En realidad, un preocupante 78% de las pymes que sufren de absentismo laboral han visto afectada su viabilidad. O es lo que el II Informe de Pymes y Autónomos de España de Hiscox a detallado este año.
Sin embargo, esta situación varía significativamente según el tamaño de la empresa. Si analizamos las micropymes, aquellas con entre 1 y 9 empleados, observamos que el porcentaje de empresas afectadas por el absentismo laboral se reduce al 23,7%. Esto sugiere que las empresas más pequeñas experimentan este problema en menor medida.
En contraste, las pymes de mayor tamaño, con 10-249 empleados, presentan un problema de absentismo mucho más grave, alcanzando un 50,5%.
Claves para entender el absentismo en las pymes
Las pymes son el motor de la economía en España, representando al menos el 98% del tejido empresarial. Pero, en la actualidad enfrentan un problema que va más allá de las simples ausencias: El absentismo laboral.
Para el II Informe de Pymes y Autónomos de España de Hiscox, ha sido prioritario comprender las causas, su vinculación con otros factores de interés y su evolución. Y afortunadamente esto ofrece la oportunidad de desarrollar estrategias efectivas de gestión del talento y garantizar el éxito a largo plazo de las pymes.
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Facturación
Por un lado, los datos revelan una clara correlación entre el nivel de facturación de las pymes y la prevalencia del absentismo laboral.
Las empresas con una facturación superior a los 5 millones de euros presentan una tasa de absentismo notablemente más elevada, alcanzando el 53,6%. Por el contrario, las pymes con una facturación inferior a este umbral, muestran una tasa de absentismo considerablemente menor, situándose en el 19,4%.
Este hallazgo indica que el tamaño y la capacidad económica de las empresas podrían estar vinculados a la frecuencia con la que los empleados se ausentan de sus puestos de trabajo.
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Distribución por sectores
El análisis por sectores revela notables disparidades en las tasas de absentismo laboral.
En este sentido, las pymes industriales se posicionan como las más afectadas, con un 29,7% de empresas reportando problemas de este tipo. Le siguen de cerca las del sector de otros servicios, con un 27,8%, mientras que el comercio presenta una tasa significativamente menor, con un 12,1%.
Estos datos sugieren que las características propias de cada sector, como las condiciones laborales, los niveles de estrés o la estacionalidad de la actividad, podrían estar influyendo en los índices de absentismo.
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Antigüedad de las empresas
La antigüedad de una empresa también parece influir significativamente en sus tasas de absentismo laboral. Las pymes con menos de cinco años de existencia presentan un porcentaje notablemente más elevado de problemas de absentismo, alcanzando el 29,6%.
Por el contrario, en empresas con una trayectoria superior a los cinco años, este indicador se reduce al 19,7%.
Estos datos sugieren que las empresas más jóvenes podrían estar enfrentando desafíos específicos. Como mayor rotación de personal, menor estabilidad laboral o menor madurez en sus políticas de gestión de recursos humanos.
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Evolución del absentismo laboral
A pesar de las fluctuaciones observadas en algunas empresas, el estudio sugiere que, en general, el absentismo laboral en las pymes se ha mantenido relativamente estable en los últimos dos años.
Si bien un 10,8% de las empresas reporta un aumento en este problema y un 13,9% señala una disminución desde el año 2022. Pero, un 72% de los encuestados indica que la situación no ha experimentado cambios significativos.
Con esta información en mente… ¿Cuáles crees que son las principales razones por las que las empresas españolas tienen dificultades para reducir el absentismo? Coméntanos que medidas implementarías en su caso.
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